Geography and the Development of Human Civilization Essay

A. Without argument, the most signifi croupt geographical or environmental factor of antediluvian patriarch Egypt to radiation pattern early civilization is the Nile River. The Nile has been referred to as lifes blood for the Egyptian civilization. (Fassbender, 2008). To begin understanding how the Nile River was the sterling(prenominal) factor, one must understand a fewer facts about the River itself. It dispirits from two separate sources origin the lakes of profound Africa, c totallyed the albumen Nile, and second the Blue Nile that comes from the mountains of Ethiopia. The Blue Nile and the White Nile come together and flow northward to the Nile delta, commencement ceremony the 4,000 mile length of the life blood of Egypt ultimately spilling into the Mediterranean Sea. The Egyptian climate does non post a good deal in rainfall, averaging less than 2 inches per socio-economic class in some firmaments and non existent in former(a)(a) areas. The early human civiliz ations were able to farm just the banks of the Nile River with much success compared to the outlying cutting climates of the Sahara and Arabian deserts on both sides of Egypt. Each summer metre the Nile River would swell as the rain fell and the nose candy melted in the mountains.Overflowing its banks and lightly fill the land with fresh water and thick full-bodied deposits of alluvial soil created a land that could hold two harvests before winter (Kreis, 2006) creating an ideal mend for early human civilizations to settle and prosper. This flooding of the Nile River did much than create agriculture wealth for the early Egyptians, it in addition help oneselfed create some very early inventions much(prenominal) as the calendar (Keita, n.d.) created from the expected annual temper of the floods, the end of the second harvest and the 2 winters. The Nile River too gave the plurality a smell of direction, creating the north, southeastward , tocopherol and west concepts w e now use. The flow of the Nile is basically south to north and the daily rising and falling of the sunlight from east to west created a concrete sense of direction for the Egyptians. (Fassbender, 2008). Egypt offered easy access to most of the resources it needful for survival and success which guaranteed the study of a prominent population.The promise of a harvest climate, radical inventions, guarantor of the deserts on both sides, transportation provided by the river into the sea, the Nile River was the greatest factor creating early civilization for Ancient Egypt. B. afternoon tea is the most popular revel in the world, second barely to water got its die in mainland mainland China as nothing more than a mere accident and has since traveled the world, parachuteed wars, and created one million million millions of dollars for goernments and instalation owners. The origin of afternoon afternoon afternoon tea leaf dates back somewhat 4,000 geezerhood ago ( Hist ory & time to come When did community start having tea?, n.d.). According to legend the Chinese emperor howeverterfly Shen Nong discovered tea in 2737 BC piece of music he was churning water in the cultivation of a tree when a light outing cause some leaves to fall into the water (Origins of Tea, 2012). The emperor tasted it and fancy it was delicious, and so began the tea adventure. At that time, tea was sulphurous and mostly used for its health properties as a medicine for problems such as visual perception and stomach issues. At the end of the fifth light speed, tea was traded and exported with Mongolian and Turkish merchants.By the eighth degree centigrade it was exported to far regions identical Japan, Central Asia and Tibet. Tea began to spreading further west with an otherwise(prenominal) foreign traders, missionaries, and ambassadors that were inclined samples and gifts of it to try and take home for others to try. The first promise to export and trade tea was between China and 3 Russia. In the mid 1850s, Chinese immigrants comportment to Taiwan would bring tea seedlings, tea festering and processing skills and the tea culture with them. In the ordinal century, green tea was exported into Europe and was mostly used as a medicinal drink payable to the bitter taste and the health properties it offered. The Dutch started to vitiate tea in Japan and China and indeed shipped it and sold it in France, Germany, and England. The Dutch also introduced tea to New Amsterdam in the 1650s. During this time tea was usually only for the very wealthy because it was so expensive, until the 1750s when it became a more modern drink with more availability for sizabler gatherings of muckle. (Saberi, 2010), (Origins of Tea, 2012), and ( History & prospective When did batch start having tea?, n.d.).In the 18th century tea became popular in countries like North America and Europe however, China was the only country selling tea to other countries . Chinas tea affair was soaring until India stepped into the tea business. When the British started ruling India, they found some tea plants in Assam (found in the North Eastern area of India) and decided that these tea plants had a sweeter taste. Tea plantations started ontogeny in Assam, because Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka), Sumatra, coffee bean and Formosa. It was discovered that the plants in China grew 5 meters shorter in height than those in India so the tea business naturally shifted there. This was very good for the British because their inquire for the drink was huge, creating a huge deficit for them with China. The British government now had the surplus of tea, from the plantations in India (and the areas around there) and the trade agreements with China. The British now sold to other countries, like North America only they levied a sales tax on the tea leaves that they couldnt sale anywhere else and try to sale to the new American colonies this was faced with a f ierce electric resistance known as the capital of Massachusetts Tea blow upy. (The Spread of Tea from 4 China, 2012).Tea was first created with a leaf in boiling water, then it was dried and steeped, then as the drink was world traded and sold tea leaves and buds were dried, pressed and packaged for shipping, including bricks of dried, rugged tea leaves. Each time the seedlings were taken to a new climate or country, new flavors were constituted and new ways of serving the drink were created. For instance, the Chinese sip it from tiny cups, the Japanese whisk it. In America they serve it iced. The Tibetans add butter. The Russians serve with lemon. wad is added in North Africa. Afghans flavour it with cardamom. The Irish and the British drink it by the gallon with milk and sugar. The Indians boil it with condensed milk. In Australia it is brewed in a billy can (Saberi, 2010). The diffusion of tea may have started as a bitter, medicinal emperors drink, however it has travel ed the world, been raised or farmed in doubled corners of the globe, transformed from a drink for the wealthy to a worldwide drink of choice for all classes and races from bitter to sweet, from medicinal to being a part of the social scene including having restaurants, tea rooms, and clubs created just for the use of goods and services of those that want a cup of the worlds most popular drinkTea. C1.One of the environmental factors that contributed to the expansion of the unite States was the devastating pitter-patter gutter of the 1930s. The Dust Bowl, also referred to as the dirty thirty-something, Black Roller or the Black rash, (Buonanduci, 2009 and Baumhardt, 2003) happened when a severe drought in 1930 to 1936 (to 1940 in some areas) caused extreme dust storms over the prairie lands of Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, and the demonstrate areas of Colorado and New Mexico. When the dust storms hit, visibility was cut to a few feet or less and millions of ploughland became usel ess the storms caused major ecological and verdant monetary value to over 5 100,000,000 acres of farmland (Buonanduci, 2009). In addition to a severe drought, the people had over farmed without needed work out rotation or other farming techniques to prevent erosion which then created the needful widespread disaster. This coupled with the Great first gear go away the government without a lot of options to help the people of the prairie lands who were suffering from extraordinary financial difficulties.In a span of about five years over 500,000 Americans were forced to flee the area. around half of those people headed west to atomic number 20 where many colonised into farming the Central Valley and Los Angeles areas. (Simkin, 1997). In reception to the devastation of the Dust Bowl, President Franklin D. Roosevelts first 100 days in office (in 1933), were played out creating government programs designed to restore the ecological equilibrium by encouraging diversified agricu ltural crop production using tested practices and improved tools (Baumhardt, 2003) The Dust Bowl created expansion of the U.S. when hundreds of thousands moved west to California bringing the lessons learned from farming successes and failures with them it also contributed to the fuck offment of the U.S. as the entire country took the essential agricultural lessons learned and established programs to ensure the same mistakes would not be repeated again. C2. The Irish spud paucity of 1845 1849 also contributed to the development and expansion of the fall in States because of the to the highest degree a million Irish that arrived in the United States (Gavin, 2000).The large number of people helped literally develop our county through the blood, sweat, and tears that hard work and impulse brings to those making a home of peace and satisfaction for their families. In the early 17th century, the Irish were kind of dependent on food exported from other 6 countries mainly the wh ite stump spud vine from America. However, by the 19th century about a third of Ireland was dedicated to murphy farming, turning this into Irelands primary cropthe potato supported massive population expansion inwardly Ireland. Within that time, the population doubled from four million to eight million citizens (Hawkes, 2012). The first report of the potato blight was recorded on August 20, 1845, and by October onethird of the potato crop was disoriented to the blight. At first there was still comme il faut food for the Irish people despite the potato blight, the problem for most of those who had the diseased crops was the fact that they didnt have nice money to buy other food. The blight reduced the Irish potato harvest by about 30%. This drastic issue caused many farmers to eat the potato seedlings that they were going to plant in the upcoming year.Now the starving people resorted to slaughtering their pigs and cows to keep from starving through the harsh winter, they also knew they wouldnt have food to use up their starving their animals. The situation in Ireland became grim, by this time the blight wasnt spreading any longer, but the farmers werent planting or harvesting enough potatoes to have enough food to feed the people of their country. Lasting about six years, the Irish white potato famine had killed over a million people from a combination of starvation and disease make another million people to migrate to the United States (Smith, 2011), (Gavin, 2000) and (Hawkes, 2012). The Irish immigrants came to America to escape the certain conclusion that they faced there, and for a promised future of the American aspiration however, it was not a welcoming key for many, alternatively it was a brutally hard, unkind and unwelcoming tail for many. Boston might have been the hardest and most cruel place for those coming from Ireland, but New York wasnt that much easier in the end. One of the turning points for the unwelcomed Irish people was the C ivil War over 140,000 enlisted in the coalescency Army, while those in the South enrolled in the 7 Confederate ranks (Gavin, 2000) and (Hawkes, 2012).The Irish immigrants provided many laborers needed for the toilsome work that was needed for the American expansion that was hap at that time. The immigrants saw this move to America as permanent and brought over several hundreds of thousands of Irish immigrants during the spare-time activity decades (Smith, 2011). Politically the Irish now had the numbers to twist votes, welcome at first or not, the Irish people could no longer be ignored. The Potato Famine started as a deadly killer whale in Ireland, turning into a large hegira of people immigrating to the United States changing the face of the American laborers and changing who was running and winning political offices. The antiIrish sentiment would be quieted at experience when an Irish Potato Famine immigrants descendant was elected President of the United States Preside nt hindquarters F. Kennedy was that person. He is the greatgrandson of Patrick Kennedy, a farmer from County Wexford who had left Ireland in 1849 (Gavin, 2000).The Irish are considered the first large group of poor refugees to come to the United States and they paved the way for all the many refugees and immigrants that would follow their footsteps. Today, after years of hard work to overcome legion(predicate) amount of obstacles to find freedom, peace and happiness Americans of Irish descent are the third largest ethnic group in the country. Unfortunately, Ireland stayed a very sad place after the famine for decades. (Gavin, 2000).ReferencesBaumhardt, R. L. (2003). USDA The Official Website for The saving and Production Research Laboratory DUST orbit ERA. Retrieved June 16, 2014, from http//www.cprl.ars.usda.gov/ Buonanduci, M. (2009, April 27). Dust Bowl. Retrieved June 16, 2014, from http//www.eoearth.org/view/article/151818/ Fassbender, M. (2008, September 11). physiolog ical Geography Ancient Egypt by Michael Fassbender Humanities 360. Retrieved June 15, 2014, from http//www.humanities360.com/index.php/ fleshlygeographyancientegypt50663/ Gavin, G. (2000). The History Place Irish Potato Famine. Retrieved June 16, 2014, from 9 http//www. invoiceplace.com/worldhistory/famine/ Hawkes, S. (2012, August 28). sinister Potatoes The NineteenthCentury Irish Potato Famine US History Scene. Retrieved June 16, 2014, from http//www.ushistoryscene.com/uncategorized/fatalpotatoes/ History & Future When did people start having tea? (n.d.). Retrieved June 15, 2014, from http//humantouchofchemistry.com/whendidpeoplestarthavingtea.htm Irish Potato Famine. (n.d.). Retrieved June 16, 2014, from http//courses.soomopublishing.com/ Keita, M. (n.d.). Rise of Civilizations and Empires in Mesopotamia. Retrieved June 15, 2014, from http//historyworld.org/rise_of_civilizations.htm Kreis, S. (2006, October 11). Lecture 3 Egyptian Civilization. Retrieved June 15, 2014, from http//www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture3b.html Origins of Tea. (2012). Retrieved June 15, 2014, from http//www.higginsburke.com/AboutOurTea/Pages/OriginofTea.aspx PBS (2009, November 15). Video hold up the Dust Bowl Watch American start Online PBS Video Video file. Retrieved from http//video.pbs.org/video/1311363860/?starttime=1200000 Saberi, H. (2010). Chapter 2 China. In Tea A globular history (pp. 2741). Retrieved from http//lrps.wgu/provision/8539375 Saberi, H. (2010). Chapter 5 Tea Comes to the West. In Tea A global history (pp. 85124). 10 Retrieved from http//lrps.wgu/provision/8539375 Simkin, J. (1997, September). The Dust Bowl. Retrieved June 16, 2014, from http//spartacuseducational.com/USAdust.htm Smith, A. F. (2011). Potato A global history. Retrieved from http//lrps.wgu.edu/provision/8539677 The Spread Of Tea From China. (2012, September 13). Retrieved June 15, 2014, from http//thespreadofteafromchina.blogspot.com/